System Design

In the previous post on computer networks, we explored network and transport layer protocols. But for most developers, it’s the application layer (Layer 5 - 7 of the OSI framework) that has the most practical relevance. At the application layer, we have protocols (a language contract) defining how applications talk... [Read More]

Imagine you’re streaming your favorite show on Netflix, hopping on a video call with teammates across time zones, or just sending a quick message to a friend. Behind each of these simple actions, your device is taking part in a very real and highly structured conversation with other machines scattered... [Read More]